The International Community and Responsibility to Protect Essay

The external Community has a Right to Intervene in Sovereign States in order to end Serious Human Rights Abuses? Discuss.Humanitarian preventive is definitely one of the most controversial subjects of the recent decades- among states, international organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and academia. The burden of the debate is the clash of traditional principles of state sovereignty and new adopted norms on use of force for add-on purposes. Despite the political controversies between the countries, humanitarian intervention is now an international norm which calls for action anytime there are serious mass life threatening occurrences in any country. In 2001, ICISS (International bang on Intervention and State Sovereignty) - supported by the Canadian Government - introduced a report which would advance Humanitarian Intervention concept to a responsibility to Protect (or R2P). ICISS Report referred to the right of humanitarian intervention as a coercive - and in par ticular military - action, against another state for the purpose of defend people at risk in that other state (ICISS, 2001, p. vii). Lack of political will, disagreement in the international community, or over-rationality about the costs of intervention has caused terrible atrocities - which have taken forms of genocide or ethnic cleansing - that have cost lives of millions (Power, 2011 J. Bajorja & R. McMahon, 2013). Humanitarian Interventions new doctrine Responsibility to Protect is embraced by United Nations as a necessary means to prevent and punish atrocities. Yet, there are state actors as China and Russia which challenge its implementation. I bespeak that it is very important to save Humanitarian Inter... ...reviews .Power, S. (2011). Bystanders to Genocide. The Atlantic Monthly , 84-108.Roth, K. (2004). War in Iraq Not a Humanitarian Intervention. Human Rights Watch .S. N. Macfarlane, C. J Thielking & T. G Weiss. (2004). The Responsibility to Protect Is anyone interested in human intervention? Third World Quarterly , 977-992.Secretary-General, U. (2002, February 15). Secretary-General Addresses International Peace Academy Seminar on The Responsability to Protect. UN document SG/SM/8125 .Selfa, L. (2002). A new colonial age of empire? International Socialist Review .Traub, J. (2012, February 18). The End of American Intervention . New York Times .(1648). Treaty of Westphalia. International Relations and Security Network.United Nations Secretary-General. (1999). Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the Organisation, A/54/1. United Nations.

Watching the Game at Neyland Stadium Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive

Watching the Game at Neyland StadiumNeyland Stadium provides a gathering tell where over one hundred thousand people come to cheer for the Tennessee Vols. The stadium, located in the middle of the UT campus, ranks as Americas deuce-ace largest collegiate stadium with a capacity of 104,079 since people began recording attendance, more than 22.89 million fans have watched Tennessee football in the stadium, and the record attendance was reached when the Vols played the Gators in September 2000(UTsports.com). If you think all you can do is watch the games at home on the couch, think again. You can performanceually be ruin of these games and save all your football fan needs. If you come watch a game, it will be well worth your beat. For someone who has never been to a game, there whitethorn be some things you might want to know. To get to the stadium, you travel I 26, when leaving from Johnson City, for around two hours. The exit to go downtown will land you right to the campus. Ar riving about two hours before the game can be helpful when finding a parking place. If you have a hard time being on your feet a lot or get tired easily, going later might be for you. Since the stadium is outdoors, it may be a smart thing to take along ponchos, coats, and anything needed to make you comfortable. The stadium brings out people of all ages. A lot of families come down together. The slipperiness will definitely involve having fun, so carry along some things to help you go crazy for your team. The ushers at all the gates allow pom poms, signs, face painting, noise makers, and anything else you can think of.The first thing you do when you reach the stadium is search for a parking place. Although the price to park at the Hilton motel is fifteen dollars, yo... ... buy on a fun, lazy night.Amazingly, when I am at the stadium, I also see a lot of people I know even though I am two hours away from home. Everyone loves Neyland Stadium. I love the fact that everyone comes tog ether to cheer for one team and act excited to attend. This makes the game intense because when the game takes a bad turn, everyone joins in a giant roar against the referees. After you become a true fan, you capture to take those bad calls personally. You can thing of your trip as an adventure into a land which normally can only be seen on TV. You buy the farm the stadium with a warm tingle in the pit of your stomach, of course if they win. You can feel good about yourself knowing that you played a part in the team achieving their victory.Works CitedTennessee. UT Athletics. 2003. http//utsports.ocsn.com/genrel/081001aaa.html.Consulted Oct. 1, 2003.

Hamlet †the Wise Polonius :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

small town the rational Polonius The older gent in Shakespe bes tragedy Hamlet, namely Polonius, is no type character. Rather he is quite rounded and complex. This essay will seek his character. In the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet, David Bevington defends Polonius as similar to Hamlet in various ways Polonius, his Hamlets seeming opposite in so many a(prenominal) ways, is, like Hamlet, an inveterate punster. To whom else but Polonius should Hamlet direct the taunt of Words, language, words? The aged counselor recalls that in his youth he suffered much extremity for love, truly near this, and he has been an actor at the university. Polonius alike has advice for the encounterers Seneca cannot be too heavy, nor Plautus too light. When Hamlet jibes at so capital a calf enacting Julius Caesar, killed in the Capitol, he reinforces the parallel to his own playacting and anticipates the slaying of Polonius idler the arras. (4) In Shakespeares No menclature Harry Levin discusses the name Polonius and other names from the play The Latinism Polonius reminds us of the Polish question, moot throughout Hamlet, where the onomastics are polyglot. If Marcellus and Claudius are Latin, Bernardo and Horatio are Italian, and Fortinbras signifies strong arm not in Norwegian but French (fort-en-bras). On the other hand, the son of Polonius has a Greek godfather in Laertes, the father of Odysseus. The Norse names, at least the Germanic Gertrude, stand out because they are in the minority. (79) Whats in a name like Polonius? Polonius entry into the play occurs at the social get-together of the royal court. Claudius has already been crowned Queen Gertrude is there Hamlet is present in the black clothes of mourning. When Laertes approaches Claudius to give his farewell before move to school, the king asks Polonius Have you your fathers fall in? What says Polonius? And the father dutifully answers He hath, my lord, wrung from me my slow leave By laboursome petition, and at last Upon his will I seald my hard go for I do beseech you, give him leave to go. (1.2) So right at the outset the reader/viewer respects the lord chamberlain as a very fluent spokesman of the language, and respectful of his superior, the king. Later, in Polonius house, Laertes is taking leave of his sister, Ophelia, and, in the process, liberal her conservative advice regarding her boyfriend, Hamlet.Hamlet the Wise Polonius GCSE English Literature CourseworkHamlet the Wise Polonius The older gent in Shakespeares tragedy Hamlet, namely Polonius, is no type character. Rather he is quite rounded and complex. This essay will explore his character. In the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet, David Bevington presents Polonius as similar to Hamlet in various ways Polonius, his Hamlets seeming opposite in so many ways, is, like Hamlet, an inveterate punster. To whom else but Polonius should Hamlet direct the taunt of Words, words, words? The aged counselor recalls that in his youth he suffered much extremity for love, very near this, and he has been an actor at the university. Polonius too has advice for the players Seneca cannot be too heavy, nor Plautus too light. When Hamlet jibes at so capital a calf enacting Julius Caesar, killed in the Capitol, he reinforces the parallel to his own playacting and anticipates the slaying of Polonius behind the arras. (4) In Shakespeares Nomenclature Harry Levin discusses the name Polonius and other names from the play The Latinism Polonius reminds us of the Polish question, moot throughout Hamlet, where the onomastics are polyglot. If Marcellus and Claudius are Latin, Bernardo and Horatio are Italian, and Fortinbras signifies strong arm not in Norwegian but French (fort-en-bras). On the other hand, the son of Polonius has a Greek godfather in Laertes, the father of Odysseus. The Scandinavian names, at least the Germanic Gertrude, stand out because they are in the minority. (79) Whats in a name like Polonius? Polonius entry into the play occurs at the social get-together of the royal court. Claudius has already been crowned Queen Gertrude is there Hamlet is present in the black clothes of mourning. When Laertes approaches Claudius to give his farewell before returning to school, the king asks Polonius Have you your fathers leave? What says Polonius? And the father dutifully answers He hath, my lord, wrung from me my slow leave By laboursome petition, and at last Upon his will I seald my hard consent I do beseech you, give him leave to go. (1.2) So right at the outset the reader/viewer respects the lord chamberlain as a very fluent spokesman of the language, and respectful of his superior, the king. Later, in Polonius house, Laertes is taking leave of his sister, Ophelia, and, in the process, giving her conservative advice regarding her boyfriend, Hamlet.

My Style? :: Writing Eglish Education Papers

My Style?Students crammed the Superlab on Friday trying to finish the assignment for English Class. The assignment was to frame a wallpaper about styles of writing and how the students fit into them. The students must finish the paper and send it by E-mail to the professor by Saturday morning. Short and to the point. Thats how Im so-called to write for my intelligence reporting class. Use short sentences and action verbs. Start with the most important facts, answer any questions raised by the lead, then fill in the details. Ive been told that it is in truth difficult to major in both English and mass communication because they have two very different approaches to writing. So whats the big deal? Well, its not easy switching back and forth surrounded by the styles these classes require, especially since one class immediately follows the other. This is just one problem Ive run into concerning style, switching between the two that are expected of me in both classes. Another problem is that there is a specific set of rules to follow when writing for the media. I quality as if Im writing using someone elses style. I dont normally talk or write using short, to the point sentences, and I definitely dont use the anatropous pyramid style. So when I write news stories, can I say that is my take style since how I write is almost dictated? Or is it someone elses that Im just borrowing? But if thats the case, is there such a thing as my own style? Is everything I say or write dictated by a set of rules, like news writing? Or can I manipulate someone elses stylistic rules to make my own? Is there any mood to change things so that I can write how I want to? We discussed in class how decorum dictates how we are supposed to talk or write. I can personally attest to that. When I worked at my dads welding shop this summer, I noticed that because I was a secretary, I was expected to talk to customers differently than my dad or any of the other workers. I was supposed to s ound professional and courteous. Good afternoon, CAP Enterprise, was the proper way to answer the phone. But when my dad got on the phone, he would talk to the customer or salesperson almost like he talks to his buddies.

Reinhold Niebuhr :: essays research papers fc

Reinhold NiebuhrTheologian, ethicist, and political analyst, Reinhold Niebuhr was a towering figure of twentieth&64979century phantasmal thought. He is well known and is appreciated for many reasons among American theologians. Niebuhr had a very strong opinion and much to say when it came down to man and violence in regards to peace and war. Although he thought of himself as a sermonizer and social activist, the influence of his theological thought on the field of social ethics and on society made him a significant figure.Reinhold Niebuhr was born in Wright City, Missouri, on June 21, 1892 as the son of Gustav and Lydia Niebuhr. His father, Gustav was an immigrant from Germany and became an ordained minister of the German Evangelical Synod after graduating from Eden Seminary at St. Louis, the training school for ministers of the Deutsche Evangelical Synod of North America. His contract was a daughter of German Evangelical Synod missionary, Edward Hosto. Gustav and Lydia had four c hildren, Hulda, Walter, Reinhold, and Helmut Richard (who is as famous as Reinhold in theological circles). Thus Reinhold grew up in a religious atmosphere in his parents parish of St. John in Lincoln, Illinois. His father considered himself as an American and a liberal. It is not surprising that Reinhold aspired to have such liberal values and look out in his fathers footsteps to Eden Seminary in 1912.With a strong impression from his fathers ministry, Reinhold, the favorite child of his father, decided to be a minister. By his decision, Reinhold studied in the Evangelical pro-seminar, Elmhurst College, near Chicago, which provided him with foundations of liberal arts and languages, from 1907 to 1910, and then he moved to Eden Seminary at St. Louis, following his fathers path. After graduating from Eden Seminary, he encountered a serious money problem because of his fathers sudden death in the spring of 1913. In the homogeneous year, Niebuhr became an ordained minister of the Ger man Evangelical Synod. Then he attended Yale deity School with a scholarship and received a Bachelor of Divinity in 1914 and his final degree of Master of Arts from Yale University in 1915.His professional life began with the ministry. In 1915, the mission board of his denomination sent him to Detroit as pastor where he served for thirteen years. The congregation numbered sixty-five when he arrived and grew to nearly seven hundred when he left. His witness of working class life in his ministry with American automobile industry laborers in Detroit gave him a critical view of capitalism and made him an advocator of socialism concerning social and economic reality.

Reinhold Niebuhr :: essays research papers fc

Reinhold NiebuhrTheologian, ethicist, and political analyst, Reinhold Niebuhr was a towering figure of twentieth&64979century religious thought. He is swell known and is appreciated for many reasons among American theologians. Niebuhr had a very strong opinion and much to say when it came down to man and violence in regards to love-in-idleness and war. Although he thought of himself as a preacher and social activist, the influence of his theological thought on the field of social ethics and on conjunction made him a significant figure.Reinhold Niebuhr was born in Wright City, Missouri, on June 21, 1892 as the son of Gustav and Lydia Niebuhr. His father, Gustav was an immigrant from Germany and became an ordained minister of the German Evangelical Synod after graduating from Eden Seminary at St. Louis, the training school for ministers of the Deutsche Evangelical Synod of North America. His mother was a daughter of German Evangelical Synod delegationary, Edward Hosto. Gustav and Ly dia had four children, Hulda, Walter, Reinhold, and Helmut Richard (who is as famous as Reinhold in theological circles). Thus Reinhold grew up in a religious atmosphere in his parents parish of St. John in Lincoln, Illinois. His father considered himself as an American and a liberal. It is not move that Reinhold aspired to have such liberal values and follow in his fathers footsteps to Eden Seminary in 1912.With a strong impression from his fathers ministry, Reinhold, the favorite child of his father, decided to be a minister. By his decision, Reinhold studied in the Evangelical pro-seminar, Elmhurst College, near Chicago, which provided him with foundations of liberal arts and languages, from 1907 to 1910, and then he go to Eden Seminary at St. Louis, following his fathers path. After graduating from Eden Seminary, he encountered a serious money problem because of his fathers explosive death in the spring of 1913. In the same year, Niebuhr became an ordained minister of the Ger man Evangelical Synod. Then he attended Yale Divinity School with a scholarship and received a Bachelor of Divinity in 1914 and his final degree of Master of Arts from Yale University in 1915.His professional life began with the ministry. In 1915, the mission board of his denomination sent him to Detroit as pastor where he served for thirteen years. The congregation numbered sixty-five when he arrived and grew to nearly seven hundred when he left. His avow of working class life in his ministry with American automobile industry laborers in Detroit gave him a critical view of capitalism and made him an advocator of socialist economy concerning social and economic reality.

Importance of balance of trade

Importance of proportionateness of business deal Balance of trade info is a very important piece of understanding the global puzzle of international trade, and thus, forex. Much like an income statement, relief of trade data clearly defines whether a trade deficit or trade surplus is in play. Why Balance of slew Matters Balance of trade data shows the imports and exports of goods and how a country competes in a global marketplace. Balance of trade add up can run a trade deficit, showing that a country imported more(prenominal) than it exported, or they can reflect a trade surplus, exporting more than was imported in a specific time period.Imports and exports can include physical goods and intangible asset services. Luxembourg, which is a popular vernacularing destination, has one of the highest per capita service exports because its banking system is used internation all toldy. Likewise, Middle Eastern nations have stronger physical exports due to the international oil trade . Just as a negative balance of trade is a bad sign for a countrys long run economic health, high export figures can be qualifiedly poor for domestic trade. China, which has for a long time been a displace exporter, has fought several bouts of domestic inflation as money f low-pitcheds into the country from all over the world.When the bring home the bacon of money rises internally at pace faster than the relative increase in wages, internal consumption and demand can be temporarily stymied, causing recessions. However, all things considered, a country would much prefer to attract too much foreign export purchases than too few, as a negative balance of trade cannot be sustained forever. In addition, negative trade increases the possibility of high national debts or inflation from the central bank to maintain domestic currency levels. Making Use of the DataBalance of trade data is released once per month and may be revised as time passes and the numbers become cle atomic number 18r . Since tallying all the exports flowing out of a country and all the imports flowing in requires a substantial amount of record keeping and manpower, these reports on trade surplus or trade deficit may be revised for years following their first release. From a forex trading point of view, balance of trade statistics are best used in conjunction with balance of payments. While a shekels importer cannot show a positive balance of trade, it can, and in many times does, show a positive balance of payments.This is because give notice importers have to borrow from other countries to sustain their current consumption, and they routinely borrow more funds than are needed in a single time period or calendar year Factors that can affect the balance of trade include Measuring the balance of trade can be problematic because of problems with recording and collecting data. As an illustration of this problem, when official data for all the worlds countries are added up, exports exceed imports b y almost 1% it appears the world is running a positive balance of trade with itself.This cannot be true, because all transactions involve an equal credit or debit in the account of each nation. The discrepancy is widely believed to be explained by transactions intended to launder money or evade taxes, smuggling and other visibility problems. However, especially for developed countries, accuracy is likely. * The cost of production (land, labor, capital, taxes, incentives, etc. ) in the exporting economy vis-a-vis those in the importing economy * The cost and availability of raw materials, intermediate goods and other inputs * Exchange rate movements Multilateral, bilateral and unilateral taxes or restrictions on trade * Non-tariff barriers such(prenominal) as environmental, health or safety standards * The availability of adequate foreign exchange with which to pay for imports and * Prices of goods manufactured at home (influenced by the responsiveness of supply How to calculate BOT Trade balance shows how countries interact with each other in the international market place. Trade balance is also known as net exports. The trade balance shows if a country exports more than it imports.A positive trade balance means the country exports more than it imports. A negative trade balance shows a country imports more than it exports. Having a positive or negative trade balance is neither good nor bad. Trade balance is also commence of the calculation for gross domestic product. 1. Use the U. S. Census Bureau to find net imports for the period for which you seek the U. S. trade balance. The Census Bureau releases these statistics periodically on its website. On the Census Bureau website, click Balance by Partner Country on the left-side of the screen. then(prenominal) select a country.For example, select Ivory Coast. Then select the year to analyze. In the example, select 2010. In the example, for January 2010, the United States had net imports of $221. 9 million from t he Ivory Coast. 2. Use the U. S. Census Bureau to find net exports for the period. In our example, U. S. net exports to the Ivory Coast were $24. 3 million 3. Subtract net imports from net exports to determine the trade balance. In our example, $24. 3 million deduction $221. 9 million yields a trade balance of negative $197. 6 million, which the Census Bureau rounds to $197. 5 million.The balance is negative because net imports is greater than net exports. Goods and Services Deficit Decreases in February 2013 The Nations international trade deficit in goods and services fall to $43. 0 one million million in February from $44. 5 zillion (revised) in January, as exports increased more than imports. Goods and Services * Exports increased to $186. 0 billion in February from $184. 4 billion in January (revised). Goods were $132. 2 billion in February, up from $130. 8 billion in January. Services were $53. 8 billion in February, up from $53. 6 billion in January. February imports wer e $0. 1 billion more than January imports of $228. 9 billion (revised). Goods were $192. 4 billion in February, down from $192. 5 billion in January. Services were $36. 5 billion in February, up from $36. 3 billion in January. * For goods, the deficit was $60. 2 billion in February, down from $61. 7 billion in January (revised). For services, the surplus was $17. 3 billion in February, up from $17. 2 billion in January. Goods by Category (Census basis) * The January to February increase in exports of goods reflected increases in industrial supplies and materials ($1. billion) other goods ($0. 5 billion) and automotive vehicles, parts, and engines ($0. 2 billion). Decreases occurred in capital goods ($0. 8 billion) consumer goods ($0. 3 billion) and foods, feeds, and beverages ($0. 1 billion). * The January to February decrease in imports of goods reflected decreases in industrial supplies and materials ($2. 6 billion) and other goods ($0. 3 billion). Increases occurred in automotive vehicles, parts, and engines ($1. 1 billion) consumer goods ($0. 7 billion) capital goods ($0. 3 billion) and foods, feeds, and beverages ($0. billion). Services by Category * Exports of services increased $0. 2 billion from January to February. The increase was mostly accounted for by increases in other merchant vessels ($0. 1 billion), which includes freight and port services, and travel ($0. 1 billion). Changes in the other categories of services exports were relatively small. * Imports of services increased $0. 2 billion from January to February. The increase was more than accounted for by increases in other transportation ($0. 1 billion), travel ($0. 1 billion), and passenger fares ($0. 1 billion).Changes in the other categories of services imports were relatively small. Goods by geographic Area (Not Seasonally Adjusted) * The goods deficit with Canada decreased from $4. 8 billion in January to $2. 6 billion in February. Exports were virtually unchanged at $23. 1 billion, se ason imports decreased $2. 2 billion (primarily crude oil) to $25. 7 billion. * The goods deficit with China decreased from $27. 8 billion in January to $23. 4 billion in February. Exports decreased $0. 1 billion (primarily soybeans and nonmonetary gold) to $9. 3 billion, while imports decreased $4. billion (primarily cell phones and other household goods) to $32. 7 billion. * The goods deficit with Mexico increased from $3. 6 billion in January to $4. 3 billion in February. Exports decreased $0. 3 billion (primarily computer accessories, electric components, and semiconductors) to $17. 7 billion, while imports increased $0. 4 billion (primarily automobiles, automotive parts, and accessories) to $21. 9 billion India Balance of Trade India recorded a trade deficit of 561. 19 INR Billion in March of 2013. Balance of Trade in India is report by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.Historically, from 1978 until 2013, India Balance of Trade averaged -113. 01 INR Billion reaching an all time high of 13. 91 INR Billion in April of 1991 and a record low of -1111. 46 INR Billion in October of 2012. India had been recording sustained trade deficits due to low exports base and high imports of coal and oil for its energy needs. India is leading exporter of fossil oil products, gems and jewelry, textiles, engineering goods, chemicals and services. Main trading partners are European Union countries, United States, China and UAE. This page includes a chart with historical data for India Balance of Trade

Smart Car Analysis

TEAM CASE ASSIGNMENT-SMART railroad car USA 1. IDENTIFY AT LEAST 3 BASES FOR SEGMENTING THE MARKET FOR SMART CAR IN THE US. get to A MARKET-PRODUCT GRID ILLUSTRATING AT LEAST ONE OF THESE BASES. ? Geographic Segmentation Larger cities that suffer from congestion ? Demographic Segmentation Appeal to younger adults(Age), Affordability (Income) ? behavioural Segmentation Park-ability, Less fuel, environmental consciousness 2. What criteria should chichi gondola use in assessing the attractiveness of potential market segments?Select the market segment that you recall is the most attractive for Smart Car and discuss the considerations that led you to make that target market decision. ALTHOUGH THE CRITERIA OF COMPETITIVE POSITION CAN BE USED due(p) TO THE LOW NUMBER OF COMPETITORS, THE EXPECTATION OF MARKET GROWTH WILL INFLUENCE COMPETITORS TO ENTER THE MARKET. THEREFORE, THE FIRST CRITERIA USED TO ASSESS THE fascinatingNESS OF POTENTIAL MARKET SEGMENTS WOULD BE THE EXPECTED GROWTH. THE SIZE OF THE MARKET IN THE SEGMENT WILL CONTINUE TO GROW SIGNIFICANTLY.AMERICANS HAVE MANY REASONS TO START LOOKING TOWARDS SM entirelyER CARS SOARING fumble PRICES, ECONOMIC DOWNTURN, CONGESTION, AIR POLLUTION AND PARKING LIMITATIONS/DIFFICULTY. ALSO, AS TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES SYSTEMS AND PRODUCTS SEEM TO GET SMALLER. THE KEY TO MARKET SUCCESS IS THE REALIZATION BY AMERICANS THAT SMART CAR CAN ADDRESS MANY FACTORS ENVIRONMENTALLY AND ECONOMICALLY. MANY CONSUMERS ARE NOT AWARE OF THE ASPECTS AND FEATURES OF SMART CAR. SMART CAR ENCOMPASSES INNOVATION, INTELLIGENCE, FUNCTIONALITY, FUEL EFFICIENCY AND MOST OF ALL SAFETY IN ITS SMALL DESIGN.IT IS ALSO MADE OUT OF RECYCLABLE MATERIALS TO BE ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE. THE CAR CAN BE PARKED UNIQUELY IN AREAS THAT REGULAR SIZED CARS CANNOT HOLD. THE SMART CAR WILL BE A TRENDSETTER FOR SMALL CARS. THE MARKET SEGMENT THAT THE SMART CAR WOULD MOST BE ATTRACTIVE TO IS THE MODERATE INCOME INDIVIDUALS, WHICH ARE USUALLY YOUNGER ADULTS. HOW i ncessantly, WITH THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CRISIS MANY INDIVIDUALS INCOME HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED. SMART CARS AFFORDABILITY WOULD APPEAL TO THOSE THAT WANT TO uphold ON THE PURCHASE OF CAR WHICH WOULD ALSO LEAD TO FUEL COSTS SAVINGS.AS FUEL PRICES CONTINUE TO SOAR, THE MARKET FOR FUEL EFFICIENT SMALL CARS WILL INCREASE. THIS WAS EXEMPLIFIED through with(predicate) THE CASH FOR CLUNKERS CAMPAIGN BY THE G overNMENT IN WHICH MORE CONSUMERS LOOK TOWARD SMALL CARS TO SAVE ON GAS. SMART CAR IS FOR THOSE WHO WANT TO MAKE A bidding ABOUT WHO THEY ARE THROUGH THE PRODUCT THAT THEY BUY. 3. HOW MIGHT SMART CAR USE SEGMENTATION FOR POSITIONING PURPOSES? BASED ON SEGMENT YOU SELECTED, bring into being A POSITIONING STATEMENT FOR SMART CAR IN THE U. S. DISCUSS YOUR POSITIONING STATEMENT IN TERMS OF RELEVANCE TO THE TARGET MARKET TOWARDS WHICH THE STATEMENT IS WRITTEN.Product positioning refers to the place in consumers minds that an offering occupies important attributes relative to competiti ve products. A marketing manager shtup use product positioning to win over the way in the future, the position of the product in consumers minds. Segmentation can be used by smart car for positioning purposes by use differentiation positioning which involves seeking a less competitive, smaller market niche in which to locate a brand. Smart car should use demographics naval division in order to accomplish desired results.Smart cars are less expensive and smaller than regular cars as a result, it appeals to the younger generation as can be seen in the grid above. This is so because, they have lower income, they travel to the city more frequently and therefore needs the convenience of smart car. Smart Car Positioning Statement For educated consumers who desire an easy commute in heavy traffic, easier parking and hassle free driving experience. Smart Car is an affordable automobile that is fuel efficient and the best in safety and convenience.This focuses smart cars marketing strate gy, and will lead them to keep up(p) technology that will strain to keep the target market interested such as iPod and blue tooth capability in the cars. They will also continue to ensure that their competitors do not succeed in making smaller or more fuel efficient cars than theirs. 4. Assuming the target market that you selected, ready a perceptual map for Smart Car and its primary competitors. Discuss any present opportunities, and Smart Cars ability/inability to join those needs. picSMART CAR HAS THE ABILITY TO REACH A NICHE MARKET THAT HASNT BEEN EXHAUSTED. THE U. S. MARKET HAS NOT BEEN OVERLY FRIENDLY TO ULTRA-EFFICIENT VEHICLES IN RECENT YEARS, BUT THAT HAS BEEN belatedly CHANGING AS GAS PRICES HAVE INCREASED. BECAUSE OF THE INCREASE AMERICAN DRIVERS ARE READY FOR SMALL, EFFICIENT AND DISTINCTIVE CARS. PREVIOUS SUBCOMPACTS HAVE CARRIED FUEL ECONOMY OVER INTO DESIGN ECONOMY, RESULTING IN DRAB, GENERIC CARS. THIS CUSTOMIZABLE CAR IS A SMALL, TWO-PERSON VEHICLE THAT WILL AP PEAL TO A YOUNGER AUDIENCE WHOSE CONCERNS ARE GEARED AROUND little INCOME.INDIVIDUALS WHO WOULD LIKE TO SAVE ON TIME, FUEL AND MAINTENANCE WILL BENEFIT FROM THIS VEHICLE. OVERALL, THE FORTWO IS PROBABLY THE MOST FUEL-EFFICIENT FOUR-WHEELED VEHICLE WITH A CONVENTIONAL GASOLINE locomotive ON THE MARKET. HOWEVER, IT CANT CURRENTLY COMPARE TO THE MPG NUMBERS OF A HYBRID, AND IT IS MORE EXPENSIVE THAN JUST ABOUT ANY OTHER SUBCOMPACT AVAILABLE TODAY, BUT IT HAS A DISTINCTIVE, ATTENTION-GRABBING DESIGN AND IS CERTAINLY EASIER TO PARK THAN ANYTHING EXCEPT A MOTORCYCLE. 5. AT PRESENT, THE US MARKET FOR SMART CAR IS RELATIVELY SMALL, BUT GROWING.WHAT MARKETING MIX RECOMMENDATIONS COULD BE USED TO SIGNIFICANTLY EXPAND THIS MARKET? KEEP THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CLIMATE AND MINDSET IN MIND WHEN PROVIDING YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS. PRODUCT SMART CAR COULD put up THE FEATURES BY ADDING BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY AND GPS TRACKING. THE ENHANCEMENTS TO THE PRODUCT WOULD GENERALLY BE IN THE FIELD OF INNOVATION TE CHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS. KEEP FORWARD THINKING IN MIND AS IT HAS TODAY ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND ENERGY EFFICIENT MODELING. PRICE DUE TO THE ECONOMIC CLIMATE SMART CAR SHOULD KEEP THEIR CAR MODERATELY PRICED AS IT IS in a flash STARTING AT $11,990.THE PRICING STRATEGY IS BEST ADDRESSED THAT IT SUITS THE NEEDS OFITS TARGET MARKET AND ALSO COST EFFECTIVENESS. PROMOTION PRE- PUBLICITY SUCH AS TEST DRIVES AND MOTORING REVIEWS AS A PROMOTION ACTIVITY, GENERATES SUFFICIENT CONSUMER CURIOSITY IN THE PURCHASE OF SMART CARS. VIA THIS MEANS, OTHER INDIVIDUALS-SUCH AS JOURNALISTS, ARE GIVEN luck TO ASSESS THE MERITS OF SMART CAR PRODUCT BEFORE BUYING THE SMART CAR OF AMERICA. SAMPLING OF SMART CARS IN STREETS AND ALSO USING IT FOR CAMPAIGNS IS A veracious ABILITY TO CAPTURE BUYERS.ADVERTISING THE AFFORDABILITY AND THE FUEL COST SAVINGS WOULD FIT INTO THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CLIMATE. DISPLAY MODELS IN AIRPORTS, MALLS OR OTHER HIGH TRAFFIC AREAS. spring ALLIANCES WITH COMPANIES LIKE HERTZ, BUDGET OR E NTERPRISE TO GIVE PEOPLE THE OPPORTUNITY TO DRIVE THE CAR AND EXPERIENCE THE DIFFERENCE WHICH MAY INFLUENCE CONSUMERS TO BUY FOR EVER DAY USE. PLACE THE PRODUCT IS BEEN DISPLAYED IN PLACES WERE CUSTOMERS LIVE AND WORK. OPEN MORE DEALERSHIPS AROUND THE CITY IN THE MODERATE INCOME NEIGHBORHOODS. pic

Air Transport Industry

Air sway is one of the integral bursts of the touring carry pains that has largely contributed positively to the global touristry labor. The furtherance in air transport industry coupled with amendment in communication and information technology over the decades has seen the quality of the air travel improve in standard and reduction in the cost of air tickets hence increase in traffic of tourers frequenting destinations that were otherwise deemed inaccessible or too expensive.The huge strides were taken in ensuring the safety of air transport, reducing the cost to make air travels accessible to a bigger audience and change magnitude ports have seen the tourism industry flourish enormously (Duval, 2013). Although other forms of transport supplement air transport, particular tourist destinations are wholly dependent on air transport. This explains how inherent air transport is to the tourism industry. This paper seeks to address the correlation between the tourism industr y and transport industry and in particular air transport and analyze its range of influence on the tourism industry as well as its sparing impact.Air transport is a crucial member of the extensive travel and tourism sector. According to world statistics, about 75 percent of the world international tourists use air transport. In some tourist destinations, air transport is the only means of transport (Duval, 2013). These increasing statistics of more tourists is due to law of better taxes that are considerate. Cost of air transport profoundly influences the tourists choice of the destination as well as other tourism products.However, the meliorate technology by which larger aircraft have been positive that can carry a large recite of passengers hence reducing the cost of an individual ticket. Additionally, the ability to cover long distances within a all of a sudden timeline has made air transport stand out as the ideal method of transport preferred by a bigger percentage of to urist globally. Accessibility of the tourist destination is one of the factors that influence the exploitation of tourism in any particular place.A region may have dramatic landscapes that would rake in tons of dollars earned from tourism, but if it is inaccessible, then it may never be of any help. However, thanks to the advancement in air transport, places that were previously considered inaccessible are now reachable. For instance, the Kalahari Desert in Africa is now a hub of tourist destination. Travels around the globe are now measured regarding hours not as previously, which was regarding days of months.The efficient network of air travels the most convenient. This has seen a sharp increase in some tourist arrivals in every single part of the world. For instance, according to the Panama central statistics office, an analysist of tourist arrival in 2007 was 79,223, which was an increase from the 2006 figure, which was 769,897. This was a growth rate of about 3.7 percent. Th is growth was due to the increase in some aircraft as well as plane seat capacity.The economic impacts as a result of an increase in tourist in-flow due to improved air transport are numerous. For instance, government returnss from the piece to the government r nonethelessues generated by taxes imposed tourism- related businesses such as the hotels, employees taxes, tax on goods and work offered to the tourists and departure taxes. Apart from the government, private investors owning the hotels, small aircrafts used to transport tourists locally benefits a lot.There is also a range of jobs created directly from the tourism industry such as drivers, cooks, restaurants, souvenir shops as well as nightclub operates (Graham, 2013). There are also pilots who operate the planes transporting the tourists. The benefits accrued to increased tourism activities as a result of improved airline transport are numerous.According to a study conducted by the World Tourism Organization, the estimat e of tax contribution imposed directly or indirectly on travel and tourism related activities worldwide amounted to US$ 850 billion in 2001 a figure judge to triple by 2020. The statistic indicates how a well-organized and customer friendly system of transport can be of importance as far as economic development is concerned. These inventorys are channeled in different government projects such as infrastructure, which benefits the general public hence up their condition of living.Air transport has helped the tourism industry to spread worldwide. The economic benefits gained from improved air transport about the tourism industry are many. The government has benefitted by earning taxes that are used to fund sustainable development projects such as roads construction while many business people and individuals have benefited from the tourism industry as any employees or owners of the facilities used by the tourism.Improving air transport even further bequeath make it even further wil l make it even cheaper hence more affordable to a bigger population, this will mean a definite increase in the tourism industry since there will be more tourist who is able and willing to visit many tourist destination sites around the globe and more often hence increased revenue to the various related to sectors (Graham, 2013).Harnessing this revenue properly can mean improving the gross domestic revenues of host countries around the world hence improving their economy (Buckley, 2012). Also, air transport will improve global tourism industry by opening up remote places that were previously less cognise to the world. This means due to the easy of transport more tourist will be able to frequent these destination hence indirectly improving the economic statues of these remote places.Most world tourist destinations depend almost completely on air travel go for the transportation of tourists. This means air services are a necessary component in the success of global tourism industry. The economic impacts resulting from increased tourism activities due to air services benefit both the government and individual contained in the tourism industry.Improved air service is the only way that the only way that the global tourism industry can thrive. This is already evidenced by the emergence of airbuses and low-cost carriers, which are quite affordable enabling even a more significant number of tourists to visit different destinations of their choice and more often.ReferencesBuckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546.Duval, D. T. (2013). Critical issues in air transport and tourism. Tourism Geographies, 15(3), 494-510.Graham, A. (2013). Managing Airports quaternary edition An international perspective. Routledge

Dell: Porter’s 5 Forces Essay

Question 1 Bargaining Power of SuppliersAlthough on that point were many suppliers for computer components, microprocessors were supplied by only a fistful of companies. Pg.3. Microsoft and Intel monopolized the suppliers market as, between 85% and 90% of computers sold conformed to Microsoft/ Intel Standards.pg.3. With such a lofty percentage of computers being sold using Microsoft and Intel it would make it very ticklish for any new suppliers to take the lead in this market, making the supplier power high.Threat of SubstitutesComputers were a hot item in the U.S, being that 45.5% of dwellings owner a computer in 1998, and the figure was expected to rise to 49.5% by 2000.pg3. A computer was something new into the market, and no other overlap nearly compared to its capabilities and complexity. Given that the computer was one of its own kind in this time the menace of other substitutes was very low.Bargaining Power of BuyersDell created a strong and reliable relationship with i ts nodes. Over a thousand outside sales reps spent their time in the field, understanding customer needs, courting customer personnel, helping customers configure their information systems, and promoting Dells products and services. Pg6. Although Dell had put a great effort into their customer service, the prices of the product were a key factor out in the success of Dell. Customers at retail dont know what theyre looking for, other than price. Pg.7. As price appears to be the major deciding factor in product choice, the buyer will be most likely to purchase their product based on price rather than timberland of the actual product.Threat of New EntrantsWithin the market of computers, there is not a great amount of product differentiation, with the exception of Dell directly lot its customers. Without much differentiation new entrants could very easily present a new and different business strategy which could surpass leading market shareholders. The threat of new entrants would b e high due to the lacking differentiation, but is also considered medium because of the great amount of existing entrants in the market. With IBM, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, Gateway, Dell, and Apple all come in the computer market within a short period of time, we can conclude that it was relatively easy to enter the market. Although it was easy to enter, it was nearly impossible to differentiate, and cause a business plan to succeed in gaining a competitive advantage to already existing enemys.Competitive RivalryCompetition was very high within the computer market, as all the competitors were finding ways to stay competitive by reducing be and improving sales efforts. HP hoped that the course of study would allow it to reduce price protection to two weeks, cut down defects, and shave 5%-15% off of its prices.pg.12 In conclusion, the personal computer industry was a very attractive industry to do business in, as the threat of substitutes was very low, and new entrants is medium/h igh. This means that it would be easy to enter the market, and there were not any other products that compared to the computer. This makes for a very attractive market to do business in.Question 2Dell was the first and only competitor in the computer market to deal directly with its customers, giving them strong differentiation therefore making them unique. You cant ignore what Dell has through I could give you a list of names of really large customers who have said to HP, Either do business with us directly or you are not going to do business with us.pg.12 Dell used specific tactics through its use of the Dells Direct ride in order to ensure the PC industry was an attractive one that it could compete in. Dell realized in order to be successful in this market they needed to set themselves apart from related companies by possessing a variety of differences from like companies appealing to consumers.Dell took advantage of the gap evident in the computer industry by eliminating the us e of middlemen such as retailers and distributors. By eliminating the middleman Dell developed an inventory free system, resulting in saving costs and allowing them to be more competitive in the market. The current production system requires that the whole boldness be integrated. Youve eliminated buffers. When you have no buffers and you have no inventory, the whole organization has to work together. There is no way to let things pile up, because you have no piles.

Analysis of a Mapping Programme: Neogeography

IntroductionNeogeography, literally intending new geography is basically a do-it-yourself function scheduling, which is going progressively popular and respectable today ( Wikipedia.org ) . In the past, making roles online was left to the GIS specializers who knew the art and linguistic communication of GIS ( C. Morais, 2007 ) . Neogeography, on the other manus cornerstone be used by well-nigh any unity with no expertness or makings required in function, because of this some respect neogeography to be a subset of GIS, while others consider neogeography to hold killed GIS ( A. Turner, 2006 ) . Neogeography is fun as one contribute draw in things such as portion the berth of their first buss, or vacation, neer once more(prenominal) will one battle to think where a exposure was taken ( A. Turner, 2006 ) . In a nutshell, neogeography is all about people utilizing and making their ain maps, sharing information and locations with household and friends every chip shot good as geot agging images of vacations, while obtaining utile penetration of that location.NeogeographyGeocoding is of import in neogeography as they provide co-ordinates of a location, which can so be processed ( A. Turner, 2006 ) . For illustration, when users punt a image to applications such as Facebook or Instagram, it besides lets them label the location where the image was taken and thitherfore, cognition is gained in this stylus. most illustrations of neogeography is Google Maps, Google Earth, Yelp, SaveMe999, nonpareilMap, OpenStreetMap, UCrime among others ( A. Coote and L. Rackham, 2008 ) . While all(prenominal) of these strike their utility, neogeography besides comes with the power to destruct.Neogeography-hit or lose?The advantages of neogeography is legion and each neogeography application has its ain specific power that makes a users sustenance easier. For illustration, the SaveMe999 application de subscribe in Malaysia, specifically to turn to the injure lodge particul arly the deaf and deaf-and-dumb person ( R. Anas, 2013 ) . Undoubtedly, this is a great advantage to the handicapped citizens, as SaveMe999 uses GPS information in the users smartphone to place the callers location when they call and therefore go to can be sent to the right write as location is one of the most of import facets in directing an exigency response ( R. Anas, 2013 ) . Disabled people can hence be more independent, every bit good as feel more safe and secure.Google Maps and Google Earth is another great illustration of neogeography. Google Maps is utile such that it shows waies from one location to another, either by auto, motorcycle or walking by demoing the relevant street maps. It besides shows the expected clip that it will take the user to make their finish and one of the most utile characteristic of the Google map is that it can be viewed in three different manners terrain, a normal map position and orbiter position ( M. Cornock, 2011 ) . One can besides custom-ma ke their ain maps in Google maps which can be saved, loaded or printed out at any clip ( L. Storm, 2007 ) . Google Maps, nevertheless, promotes communicating isolation, as before Google Maps verbal waies was an of import accomplishment to possess and understand but with the enlargement and turning popularity of Google Maps verbal waies are deceasing out ( L.Storm, 2007 ) .Google Earth meanwhile, shows orbiter and aerial fancy of the specified location in 3D. This is used for many positive effects. For illustration, the World Wide Fund uses it to hold dear the Sumatran Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, alleviation workers uses it for crisis response after natural catastrophe, and it is besides used for environmental issues such as pollution.Possibly, the finest illustration of how Google Maps and Google Earth came to assist an environmental issue is the instance of the Appalachian Mountaintop remotion, in which excavation companies removed the tops of mountains in order to mine f or coal. By utilizing Google Earth and Google Maps conservationists were able to canvas the graduated table of a really dramatic environmental job and was besides able to pass on this issue to the people in the community who so took action to protect their mountains ( Google Earth Outreach, 2010 ) . In the 10 yearss following the release of the Appalachian Mountaintop Removal bed in Google Earth, more than 13,000 people signed an on-line request to halt mountaintop removal ( Google Earth Outreach, 2010 ) . Therefore, it can be seen how Google Map and Google Earth is used for positive impacts.However, Google Earth and Google maps can be misused. One of the most concerning factors is privacy and security, the fact that anyone can happen anything is rather dismaying particularly for safety grounds. Other disadvantage of Google Earth and Google Map include inaccuracy of information, inaccessibility as users need right Personal computer demands and cyberspace, less developed states are ill represented every bit good ( S. Myer, 2010 ) . Furthermore, satellite imagination can capture images that are non delighting to the oculus such as force or war.UCrime.com is a free online service that provides easy to read offense maps and have automatic qui vives for people that attend universities or montages ( A. Coote and L. Rackman, 2008 ) .Users so receive immediate electronic mails if a offense has occurred near a selected college or university and in this manner there is public safety, besides users can supply tips and thoughts to assist work out offense in the country in which they operate in ( A. Coote and L. Rackman, 2008 ) .Some general advantages neogeography has to a user are it helps users locate topographic points based on other peoples stations, it besides increases consciousness of geographics since anyone can larn how to expend and make their ain maps, moreover, neogeography allows everyone to lend to the development of the digital existence and immense su ms of informations and information is made available by users ( A. Schuyler, 2009 ) . Using neogeography saves clip and money for concerns and organisations and eventually, possibly the greatest advantage of neogeography is that anyone can make maps, they do non necessitate to hold makings or be a professional in function.On the other manus, there are besides several disadvantages in neogeography and one of the biggest menace of neogeography is its informations quality its truth, completeness, consistence, and quality confidence ( A. Coote and L. Rackham, 2008 ) . Since users create the maps the information might be wrong and undependable, this can severe effects, for illustration when be aftering a holiday. Besides, when making the maps the Godheads can either add as well much unneeded information or possibly excessively small, lending to the deficiency of completeness of the information ( A. Coote and L. Rackham, 2008 ) . Neogeographic datasets makes small mention to quality conf idence, some maps created utilizing neogeography have no 1 to supervise the quality and dependability of the maps ( A. Coote and L. Rackham, 2008 ) . Security and concealing as discussed before is another disadvantage, as sometimes it so happens that when users create the maps, they may roll up informations from private locations which the proprietors might dislike. Finally, the enlargement of the digital universe could intend less geographic expedition in the existent universe, people might worsen in sing things foremost manus as they can research topographic points online in neogeography and therefore, people may bit by bit go stray from the existent universe.DecisionIn decision, neogeography, if non exploited helps us a great trade and the hereafter of neogeography is in our custodies and we have a opportunity to utilize it or misapply that power.Reference ListAndrew Coote and Les Rackham. ( 2008 ) . Neogeography data quality-is it an issue? ONLINE in stock(predicate) at hype rtext transfer protocol //www.consultingwhere.com/wpcontent/uploads/resources/Neogeography+Data+Quality+-+is+it+an+issue+-+V1_1.pdf. Accessed 28ThursdayFebruary 15 Andrew J. Turner. ( 2006 ) Introduction to Neogeography. OReilly Media, Inc. pp. 2Caitlin Dempsey Morais. 2007. Neogeography. ONLINE unattached at hypertext transfer protocol //www.gislounge.com/neogeography/. Accessed 03 March 15 .Earth Outreach. ( 2009 ) . Appalachian Mountaintop Removal in Google Earth & A Maps. Online Video . 07 May 2009. ready(prenominal) from hypertext transfer protocol //www.youtube.com/watch? v=aiSzOiGFa-0. Accessed 19 February 15 .Google Outreach. 2010. Appalachian Voices. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.google.co.za/earth/outreach/stories/appvoices.html. Accessed 19 February 15 .Laurel Storm. 2011. Disadvantages & A Advantages of Using Google Maps Website. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //science.opposingviews.com/disadvantages-advantages-u sing-google-maps-website-1538.html. Accessed 04 March 15 .Rozinah Anas. ( 2013 ) . SAVEME999 Application-Asia Geospatial Forum. ONLINE Available at www.asiageospatialforum.org/2013/pdf/Rozinah % 20Anas.pps. Accessed 27ThursdayMarch .

Recommendation For strength of TGV Cinema Essay

TGV cinema theatre tush take the advantage of strong financial position to take shape improvement as old fashion, traditional or manually operation will result in traffic being backward in the combative edge. They should hire more than than workers to ensure that the system or program work more efficiently. Besides, it can do more promotions like offer various fussy packages. All these can bring their customers satisfaction level to a higher level by utilize the equitable financial condition. TGV cinema has TGV cinema has the durability on providing new-brand experience with reasonable price. It has introduced featuring funky bean bags that allow you to relax and enjoy movies in unsurpassed comfort. So, it can utilize this advantage to attract more movie-goers by doing somewhat advertisement on billboards or newspapers to enable the patrons get laid more about their services and facilities. Since 28 June 2013, TGV cinemas become fully digitised following the victorious installation of 164 Christie DLP Digital Cinema CP2220 projectors.Thus, TGV Cinema should utilize their digital cinemas in redefining cinematic experience for cinema-goers. This years, 3D movies are becoming a preferred excerption by movie-goers especially when available and at the same time the cinema advertising market is alike largely untapped in Malaysia. So if on that point are 3D movies, why not TGV cinemas produce more enticing, interactive and creative advertisements through 3D advertisements. Recently, apart from hall bookings, TGV Cinemas also provides added services to equilibrise the corporate and private functions such as customised menu to suit catering pauperizations, customised party packs, and entertainment solutions such as magic shows, clowns, face painting and umpteen more. Thus, to utilize this services, the Marketing Department should ensure the advertisement jobs are done well and information about this services is well distributed to the public so that they know about this existing services clearly and this services will become their first choice whenever they want to organize some functions.3.1 Utilizing the identified opportunitiesBased on the SWOT analysis performed, Malaysia has lesser cinema compared to other countries. As number of cinema-goers is increasing, cinema companies are competing in satisfying customers needs. Thus, TGV cinema cantake this probability to expand their business by opening more branches over the country to serve peoples growing needs. This is a good opportunity for TGV cinema to extend their recognition in other countries and also improve the access to financial resources. TGV Cinema has developed a partnership with IMAX Corporation when they bring The IMAX sire to audiences across Malaysia. As we know that IMAX is an innovator in entertainment technology, combines proprietary software, architecture and equipment, thus TGV Cinema should utilize this partnership to develop a good and trustworthy bus iness relationship with them.The Chief Executive Officer and Managing Directors should also keep communicate with them to show interesting with their new products and come up with strategical planning that benefits both the companies. Based on the survey done by students from HELP University, Liew Chee Kit, Lee Weng Chuan on 2012, Hollywood film had been well dominating the movie business not except in Malaysia but globally as well. Thus, TGV cinema should utilize this opportunity to screening more upcoming Hollywood blockbusters to increase its number of customers. There are highlights of the 2015 movie season as it is filled with follow-ups to fan favourite blockbusters and a few re-imaginings of iconic tales such as Cinderella, The Avengers 2, exterminator 5, James Bond 24, and Star Wars Episode VII and many others anticipating movies.3.2 Overcome the identified weaknessOne of the weakness of TGV is ease of navigation. Nowadays, internet are rattling convenience and people ar e using it mainly for everything. However, not all of the internet users have the skill to use it well. Therefore, the information included in the webpage of TGV should decorate nicely and provide some basic guidelines to the users. Furthermore, TGVs website also should provide all the relevant information in the hyperlink directly so that the users would not need to take extra step to obtain their information. These convenience will definitely attract more customer and maximize the profit of TGV. Besides, TGV should allow customers to enjoy more benefits and convenient by offering services such as launching a co-branded credit card. By launching this type of credit card, TGV can offers some discount at the same time to the customers who use credit card during transactions.This will allow them to enjoy fantastic movies at TGV by using lesser money.With this concept, customers are definitely attracted by it. Lastly, the branches of TGV cinemas in Malaysia are lesser than its biggest competitor, GSC. This is also the weakness of TGV. Therefore, TGV should open up more branches in Malaysia. This will not only become a threat to other competitors but also leave a good image to the consumers. This is because people will recognise TGV easily when they sees TGV branches passim the country whenever they go.3.2 Overcome the identified threatsFirstly, the introduction of GST at the rate of 6% is one of the threat to TGV. It will definitely affect every aspect of the business including TGV cinemas. One of the reason is the willingness of the consumers to spend money on watching movies in TGV cinemas is being affected. This will cause the reduction of customers of TGV cinemas. Therefore, we suggested that TGV should reduce the cost of the tickets for every movie. It also should have some special promotions or packages, such as offering a free combo popcorns for purchasing 5 tickets at once for a particular movie. As there are many existing competitors which become threa ts for TGV Cinema, thus they should develop a sustainable relationship with their customers and keep communicate with their customers by receiving sufficiently feedbacks on their services.This process can be progressed through Facebook as most of the people now have their own Facebook account. This process can patron the company to understand their customers demand, continually to come up with new plans that satisfy and fulfil their customers desire and develop a competitive advantage in the industry. As the existent of DVD store such as Speedy Video Distributors Sdn. Bhd, online movies or illegal websites that provide the downloading of movies and home theatre will threaten TGV cinemas, they can choose to offer lower price of tickets to overcome this problem. TGV can also promote their facilities which are easily found or enjoy only in TGV cinemas through advertisements.

Chemistry of Chocolate Essay

Chocolate is made from the cacao bean. According to Rodney Lipson, Cacao has been a cultivated crop for at least three thousand years, probably quite a check more. The mountain who first utilized Cacao were the inhabitants of what is like a shot Venezuela (Lipson) This group of people would eventu bothy spread the cacao bean in northwestern South America. Cacao was clearly highly valued by these people and they spread it northward through slew with their neighbors. It was probably the Maya, over 1500 years ago, who brought Cacao to Yucatan in what is now Mexico.The Aztecs who got Cacao from the Maya, apply Cacao in a number of ways, one common way was as a bitter spice in food and possibly also as a prow for pasta or bread, but the most well-known way that Cacao was as a drink. plot the Maya drank Chocolate hot, the Aztecs seem to have often taken it cold. The Aztecs called the drink, and apparently the bean as well, Xocoatl. From this condition comes the pan-European word C hocolate. When Europeans first made contact with the Aztec civilization, Cacao was being cultivated and used extensively.The Spanish Conquistadors quickly observe the benefits of Chocolate and used it to keep their armies marching long distances with little food. From the Aztecs the Spanish took it to Europe. Chocolate was widely used in Catholic countries after 1569 when Pope Pius V declared that Chocolate, the drink, did non break the fast, despite the self-coloured nutritional aspects of Chocolate (Lipson). Chocolate continued to be moved from country to country through trade and exploration.Soon coffee found its way into America, and according to Lipson, In 1900 Milton Snavely Hershey, a Mennonite from Pennsylvania, began producing milk-chocolate bars and kisses with great success. He was anti-alcohol and saw Chocolate as a good, profitable alternative. His empire grew even larger during World state of war I, when Milton Hershey encouraged the US Army to add four Hershey b ars to each soldiers daily ration (Lipson). Because of Hershey, chocolate was now affordable for everyone, and his methods of making chocolate are still used today.Peters chocolate tells us that chocolate is made by, storing the cacao beans in silos or warehouse. These rooms are well circulariseed, unploughed at cool temperature and the humidity regularly checked. Before the production stage, the beans are sorted and cleaned. Cocoa does not acquire the richness of its color and the fullness of its flavor until it is roasted. The degree of care given to this operation has wide influence on the ultimate quality of the end product either deep brown powder or chocolate.When roasting is complete, the beans are cooled and their thin shells removed by a winnowing machine. The husked and winnowed beans are called nibs. Heres where the first secrets of the chocolate manufacturer come in. The nibs are blended, combining as many as octad to ten varieties. It is control of these subtle mi xtures that maintains a constant quality and brings out the flavor of each cross variety of chocolate. The roasted and winnowed nibs then pass through refining mills and are ground.The heat generated by grinding causes the cocoa butter or fat to melt and form a fine spreadhead or liquid known as chocolate liquor. This goes to large hydraulic presses which remove most of the cocoa butter. The cake which is left may eventually be made into cocoa powder. The cake goes through several(prenominal) processes in which it is crushed, milled and finely sifted. After the cocoa paste, cocoa butter, milk, sugar and additional flavorings have been guardedly weighed out in accordance with the recipe, they go into a mixer where rotating, kneading arms thoroughly mix all the ingredients.The result is a homogeneous, paste-like mixture which is already pleasant to taste, but still feels gritty to the palate. The chocolate is move in a conching machine. While in the machine, the chocolate turns o ver in the conching machine, a controlled amount of air ventilates the mass, allowing the full aroma and flavor to develop. The still-warm conched chocolate is placed in a tempering machine so that it can be slowly and steadily cooled. The tempering prevents separation in the chocolate when its fill up into bar molds and hardens (Peters). This results in the average chocolate bar.

Task 5 – Bic

Business in context (Chapter 6) Discussion questions. How atomic number 18 goals form and what are the major difficulties encountered in goal formulation and executing? Goals are formed to give focalisation to the activities of its members. The formation of goals flush toilet be a highly political process this can cause conflict, provided the goals of most telephone linees are generally tackleed as being these of the senior management team. Goals are authentic much by the work of Cyert and March (1963). They see organizations in terms of individuals and groups who combine to pursue joint interests this is the most effective way of life of achieving their goals.Goals are more than specific statements of intent than a mission statement, nevertheless are still broad and generalised. What are the major causes of goal conflict and how might they be decide? The main causes of goal conflict are that they can be highly political. Conflict is mainly through four main factors w hich are 1. Goals formulated by senior management as a agency of achieving their own goals this is a sequel of bargaining and negotiating process amongst interest groups. 2. Organization members would appear to accept the goals from top management with little question this may seem to be an implied element of the employment contract. . The preponderant coalition is normally put in place to get to their goals such locks impart been alluded to in front and hold selection procedures, to ensure all rules are followed. In addition technology can replace argumentation allocation, and financial controls in the form of budgets and reward systems, managers ensure a minimum level of compliance with their chosen goals. 4. Management have incompatible goals to many of the groups they have to acknowledge this. Assess the relative importance of the mingled strategic, organizational and environmental factors, which influence organizational social organisation.An organizational struct ure is a grouping of activities and people to achieve the goals of the organization. There are a number of factors that influence a structure. First the relationship between both structure and strategy is examined, then in the work of A. Chandler which then identified other factors such as (1)Technology (2)Size (3)Changes in the environment (4)Culture and (5)Interest groups. Why did firms adopt multi? divisional structures? What advantages do they have over functional structures? A multi divisional company compromises a number of billet units, which may pursue markedly different types of business activity.The business units operate as a benefit centres and are culturally co-ordinated by a in incarnated headquarters, which may also control certain central services, some of which are as research and cultivation and finance. This kind of structure was developed in the USA in response to a business result and complexity. Stopford and Wills (1972) rased that a strong influence of strategy on structure and that the shift from functional to multi divisional structures with expansion inter bailiwickly. Assess the advantages and the disadvantages to both management and employees of flexile forms of organization.Flexibility within a firm / organization can occur in a number of ways these include the employment of part time workers, those on short term contracts and the use of outsourced contract work. Advantages management. 1. Employees are able to do a range of jobs, so they do non have to hire as many people. 2. Important recognition of the difficulties that many employees have in balancing their family obligations and their work duties, and they note that such programs can make a company more attractive to prospective employees Disadvantages management. 1.If used by employees who are unwilling or unable to put in a full day of work amid the non-work temptations (television, pleasure reading, housecleaning, etc. ) of a home setting. Other companies, meanwh ile, bechance that employees flex in and out of the business at such different hours that overhead cost increase, customer service suffers (i. e. , no one comes in until 930 a. m. , a state of affairs that forces customers and vendors to smooth their heels until then), and manufacturing output suffers. This latter factor makes flex time a difficult fit for many manufacturing facilities. 2.Flex programs oftentimes leave managers in exceedingly difficult situations. Far too often, flex is embraced for its family-friendly aspects long before the corporate support needed to manage it takes root, flex policies are outlined in the employee manual but implementation is left up to individual managers. Then, when managers try to implement these programs, they discover that to be fair, flex requires them to treat different employees differently. Advantages Employees. 1. Flexible work programs are work arrangements wherein employees are given greater scheduling freedom in how they fulfi l the obligations of their positions.The most commonplace of these programs is flexitime, which gives workers far greater leeway in terms of the time when they suffer and end work, provided they put in the total number of hours required by the employer. Other common limber working arrangements involve telecommuting, job-sharing, and compressed work weeks. 2. Many employees have in balancing their family obligations and their work duties, and they note that such programs can make a company more attractive to prospective employees. Disadvantages Employees. 1.Most employees of a elastic organization are only hired part time, to do a variety of jobs, and are not declare oneselfed permanent contracts. How significant is the legal separation of ownership and control to the way the businesses operate? Is the agency problem an sleep with today? The separation of ownership and control is associated with publicly held business corporations in which the assignholders possess little or no direct control over management decisions. This separation is generally attributed to corporate action problems associated with dot share ownership.The separation of ownership and control permits hierarchical decision making which, for some types of decisions, is superior to the market. The separation of ownership and control creates costs due to adverse selection and moral hazard. These costs are potentially mitigated by a number of mechanisms including business failure, the market for corporate control, and the enforcement of fiduciary duties, corporate plaque oversight, managerial financial incentives and institutional shareholder activism. Examine the advantages and the prime beneficiaries of privatization.To what extent does privatization solve the problems of managing public firmament organizations? Privatization refers to the government policy of selling off public assets to private ownership control, usually by share issue. The policy was prevalent in the UK in the 19 80s, driven largely by an ideological belief in the workings of the free market. The advantages of privatization are as follows 1. It creates increased competition, which leads to increased efficiency, higher productivity, quality improvement and ultimately, egression and profit. . Shareholders have a financial interest in the effective management of the enterprise. Managers instruction execution is at that placefore closely monitored and controlled. 3. Since customers have a choice, there will be a focus on customers care and service levels will improve. 4. Costs will be reduced as a result of competition. In particular there will be a reduction in labour costs as organizations seek greater efficiencies. 5. There will be improved awareness of and adaption changes to in local, national and global environments. 6.There will be greater incentives for staff through more flexible pay arrangements and profit sharing schemes. Managers will be encouraged through incentives to be more i nnovative and proactive. 7. For the newly privatized organizations there would be greatly increased opportunity for raising revenue which could be reinvested in the operation. It was assumed this would reach innovation to the benefit of all. 8. For the state there will be a reduced public orbit deficit and borrowing requirement. Privatized businesses will attract more inward investment. . Society will change as more people are given the opportunity to own shares. To what extent and in what ways are small firms frugalally relevant today? The value of a small business may be viewed in terms of benefits to the owners, economic growth, the number of jobs they provide, and their service to the consumer. Many governments see the small firm as an essential part of a healthy economy. The most obvious role for a small business firm in this respect is to act as a seedbed for future big businesses and in doing so secure the future of the economy.A small business is also seen as a potential to fill gaps in the market by offering specialist products that would be uneconomic for a large firm to offer. more than significantly, the small firm is seen as a force for change by being inherently more flexible and innovative than the larger businesses. In particular the small firm is seen as a profitable vehicle in a recession small firms are seen as price takers and therefore offer no threat to inflation rates, and they are able to plug the gaps left after larger firms have rationalized their operations.Overall a small business represents the individual economic efforts of our global citizens. They are the foundation of the global economic growth virtually all of the new jobs, 53% of employment, 51% of private sector output, and a disproportional share of innovations come from small firms. Small businesses are avenues of opportunity for women and minorities, first employers and trainers of the young, important employers of elderly workers, and those one time on public assi stance. What influences the type of culture found in an organization?Organizational cultureis the collective behaviour of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefs and habits. It is also the pattern of such collective behaviours and assumptions that are taught to new organizational members as a way of perceiving, and even thinking and feeling. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups interact with each other, with clients, and with stakeholders.What is the relationship between the type of corporate culture envisaged by Deal & Kennedy and by Peters & Waterman and company performance in terms of profitability and job satisfaction? Can the internal culture of an organization act as a buffer against environmental influences? Corporate culture focuses on the use of culture as control device to enhance performance thro ugh the development of greater commitment and the integration of all employees at all levels in the organization.It is the perspective on culture at the level of the firm that attracts the greatest diminutive attention. Some writers notably Peters and Waterman (1982) believe that such strong cultures are a central take of the so called excellent company. flake 6. 2 questions. (Dow Corning) 1. What were the key factors involved in Dow Corning changing from a functional to a divisional and then a matrix structure? How were these influences relate to the six influences (on structure) identified earlier in this section? 2. What problems did Dow Corning encounter with the matrix organization?How might such problems have been minimized? 3. What structure would be most appropriate for the company to aid its recovery post Chapter 11 bankruptcy? Case 6. 3 questions. (Network revile) 1. What rationale can you give for the privatization of British Rail? 2. What, in your view, were the ke y factors that created the problems in Rail track? 3. In what ways will Network Rail differ from Rail track? What mistakable problems will it face? 4. What does the case tell us about the privatization of industries such as the railways?

Nature of Evil in Othello

The Nature Of cruel In Othello The Nature of Evil in Othello William Shakespeares Othello wasting diseases different and unique techniques in his language to express the nature of evil throughout the play. Verbal twists and the characters most importantly stress the act of evil. Iago, most of all is portrayed as the villain or protagonist in the play. Shakespeare uses this character to set the basis of evil. Each plot point is spiraled utmostther into tragedy due to the nature of Iago and his manipulative language towards the other main characters.Corruption overcomes the Venetian social club as Iago uses his crafty skills of deceit. The plan to have Othello turn against the ones he loves is the perfect example of evils nature. The power struggle is evident between these two. This situation is the start to Iagos plan to corrupt the lodge and take Othellos place. The root of Iagos evil is jealousy indeed, in turn changing into a power hungry manipulator. Iago is tired of acting like one courteous and knee-crooking knave like he al itinerarys appears to be I. i. 46.Since Iago is reluctant to choose to be a master, he is the servant that bites off the fame and hap yet their hearts attending on themselves, still showing his service to his master solely kind of is more self-preserving with no attachments at all towards the master I. i. 52. Irony is used diligently in Shakespeares unique language style. Referred by Othello as honest Iago, the irony is very evident in this title. Iago is every(prenominal)thing but honest but this proves how easily led and manipulated Othello is. The traits Iago possess are unexpected to a normal villain.He comes across as charming and smart, he idler also be referred to a wolf in sheeps clothing. For example, he knows Roderigo is in love with Desdemona and figures that he would do anything to have her as his own. Iago phrases about Roderigo, thus do I ever make my fool my purse. I iii. 355, By playing on his hopes, Iago i s able to touch money and jewels from Roderigo, making himself a profit, while using Roderigo to further his other plans. He also thinks furtive on his feet and is able to improvise whenever something unexpected occurs.When Cassio takes hold of Desdemonas hand before the arrival of the Moor Othello, Iago says, With as little a web as this will I ensnare as great a fly as Cassio. II, i, 163 This language demonstrates the evil inside Iagos goals of retrieving absolute power. He actually in time says of himself, I am an honest man. II, iii, 245 Iago slowly corrupts the characters thoughts, creating ideas in their minds without implicating himself. His medicine whole caboodle Thus credulous fools are caught. II, i, 44 And whats he then that says I play the villain, when this advice is free I give, and honest, II, iii, 299 says Iago.In turn, people rarely stop to consider the event that old Iago could be deceiving and manipulating them yet they are persuade that he is Honest Iag o. From these quotes from Othello it is proven that the dialogue used between Iago and the others is manipulative causing an evil outcome. Iagos complexity in character grows as the play comes closer to a conclusion. The tricky and crafty way Shakespeare uses the evil in Iago is to make him seem amoral as opposed to the typical immoral villain. At the climactic end of the play, Iagos plot and plan is stipulation away to Othello by his own wife, Emilia.Iago kills his wife seeing her as a non entity to his vicious foresight. He kills her non out of anger but for more pragmatic reasons. She served no purpose to him anymore and she can now only hurt his chances of keeping the billet he has been given by Othello. Iagos black hearted taking of Emilias and Roderigos lives is another proof of his amorality. The root of all evil stems from some would say money, but in this case it is power. To drive Iago to get the power he wants, he is fueled by jealousy. The way jealousy affects the ot her characters is uncanny.Othello is led down the same path as Iago which is exactly what he wants. The other characters all play off Iagos misfortunes in turn making Iagos manipulative plan a success. Divinity of hell When devils will their blackest sins put on, they do suggest at basic with heavenly shows, as I do now. (II, iii, 348) This is the first quote that it is evident Iago is jealous. He is the voice of jealousy in its entirety, giving way to the evil deeds that drive the play. There is a counter line of descent to the fact whether Iago is sincerely evil. In Richard Grants, Studies in Shakespeare, describes the dual aspects of the character of Iago, whose external demeanor is characterized by warm sympathy for his friends and apparent trustworthiness among his peers, but whose real and inner nature is amoral, heartless, and entirely self-interested. The fact that Iago was the youngest out of the group of characters, Grants theory on Iagos evil nature is that he adapted it by consciously adopting it. Brave, and a good pass, he was also of that order of ability which lifts a man speedily above his fellows.His manners and his guise were of a dashing military sort and his manner had a like bluntness, tempered, at times, by tact to a warm-hearted effusiveness, by the very tact which prompted the bluntness. Grant Studies in Shakespeare, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1886, pp. 258-79 Grants theory can twist the minds of what Iago has always been thought of to be. The typical villain is taken as something else in this scenario. Being in the military, in is in Iagos nature to make his way to the top. His actions may not have been particularly evil, but yet understood.Another excerpt from Grants theory, All the principal personages of the tragedy, Desdemona and Cassio included, thus regard him although Cassio, himself a soldier, is most impressed by Iagos personal bravery and military ability. In speaking of him, he not being present, the lieutenant calls him the bold Iago, and in his presence says to Desdemona that she may relish him more in the soldier than in the scholar, II. i. 75, 165-66 Grant Studies in Shakespeare, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1886, pp. 234 further explains how the soldier instinct in Iago has replaced his demeanor rather than evil. The sheer grandness of the character Iago is immense. The theory of Iago being evil or besides jealous of a military position is up for debate. The interesting fact about Shakespeares characters is the relation they have in real life. As Grant explains, In Iago Shakespeare has presented a character that could not have escaped his observation for it is of not strange occurrence except in one of its elements, utter unscrupulousness. But for this, Iago would be a illustration type, representative of the gifted, scheming, plausible, and pushing man, who gets on by the social art known as making friends.This man is frequently met with in society. Sometimes he is an adventur er, like Iago, but most commonly he is not and that he should be so is not necessary to the perfection of his character, Grant Studies in Shakespeare, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1886, pp. 205 you can see the relations Iago has to a specific stereotype of a person in the real world. In another excerpt, Thus far Iagos character is one not rare in any society nor at any time. so far it has been misapprehended and the cause of its misapprehension is the one element in which it is peculiar.Iago is troubled with no scruples, absolutely none. He has sharp perceptions of right and wrong, but he is utterly without the moral sense. He has but one guide of conduct, self-interest. Grant Studies in Shakespeare, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1886, pp. 205 Grant explains how Iago is just lacking moral sense. He may not in fact be evil at all. He can simply just be greedy and envious in result of not gaining the position in the military. Iago, however, had no thought of driving Othello to su icide. Far from it.Had he alleged(a) the train he laid would have exploded in that catastrophe he would at least(prenominal) have sought his end by other means. For Othello was necessary to him. He wanted the lieutenancy and he was uncoerced to ruin a regiment of Cassios, and to cause all the senators daughters in Venice to be smothered, if that were necessary to his end. But otherwise he would not have stepped out of his path to do them the slightest injury nay, rather would have make them some little service, said some pretty thing, shown some attaching sympathy, that would have been an item in the shopping mall of his popularity.There is no mistaking Shakespeares intention in the delineation of this character. He meant him for a most attractive, popular, good-natured, charming, selfish, inhumane and utterly unscrupulous scoundrel. (pp. 333-34) Grant Studies in Shakespeare, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1886, pp. 205 This excerpt further explains Iagos nature being exactl y how Shakespeare think yet a little different than what the average reader would think of him.The nature of evil is strictly evident as the play comes to an end, yet it is viewed as an opinion or a theory whether Iago is truly evil. Ironically, Iagos words speak louder than his actions, proving how legitimate Shakespeares use of language for the character was. This dynamic use of language is significant because it can alter the thought of the reader whether Iago was truly evil or just using military tactics to better him. Iago and his use of language set the main plot for every characters outcome.

Participation in Unit Discussion Boards for Academic Purposes Essay

Technology has currently changed the way people live in that it has made nutrition and communicating easier for them. One of the most signifi canfult contributions that technology has given is the Internet. It has allowed people from all oer the clod to decease without the use of wires and without having to exert too much effort. More importantly, it has improved the way academic institutions fork over education to their students.The Internet has given way for virtual universities, which exists in the digital reality of the Internet, although it would also ask to have extensions in physical reality for assessment purposes, which could provide optional experiences in situated culture (Tiffin & Rajasingham, 2003, p. 136). There are numerous ways on how students and instructors communicate to make distance-learning work. These would include electronic mail, clamorous messaging, live teleconferencing, specific platforms designed for educational purposes, and interchange tabular arrays.Tools like these make it possible for students and initiateers to exchange selective information even if they are miles apart. It gives them the capability to be flexible in terms of their schedule and workload. It also lessens the damage that they have to shoulder for their education compared to that of traditional education because they do non have to spend gold on commuting to and from the universitys campus. The promise of the Internet for education was the activity of the medium that allowed the students to interact and actively figure in any learning process (Shimojo, Ischii, Ling, & Song, 2005, p.87). As mentioned earlier, one of the tools that virtual classrooms use is the reciprocation board, which is an asynchronous communication tool that allows one individual to post a mark or question online. new(prenominal)wise individuals who are members of the same discussion board whitethorn read that comment/question, and respond with their own remarks over time (Virginia Tech, n. d. ). Only students and their instructors have access to this site.Instructors may create the discussion boards for their overall course or for a certain topic so that the students are able to communicate and share information in a place where posts are organized and can be tracked and monitored. Discussion boards are practiced to both students and teachers because it allows them to discuss topics more extensively through the aid of the Internet. It would also extend and maximize the time that they need to talk about their lessons and other concerns, as class time is sometimes not profuse to cover constantlyything.Discussion boards provide the opportunity for every student to participate actively in the discussion with the chance of receiving comment and feedbacks not only from the instructor but also from the other students. Most of all, discussion boards can be constantly accessed and has the ability to store conversations as is, unless it is deleted by the m oderator or instructor who controls the board most of the time. However, because discussion boards are powered by the Internet and technology, it also has its limitations.Although this rarely happens nowadays, power visitation can limit the students and teachers capabilities of interacting through the discussion board. Also, students who do not own a personal electronic computer of their own might find it difficult to join in the discussion on a invariable basis. There are also those who are afraid of using technology and will rather communicate personally than use the Internet. Students may also fear miscommunication and misunderstanding, which would lead to conflicts either with other students or with their instructors.Misinterpretations may go un obstinate or may take several communications before they are resolved (French, French, Hale, Johnson, & Farr, 1999, p. 145). As such, students might not fully appreciate discussion boards and will ultimately have a negative effect on their learning. If students choose other Internet-based educational tools over the discussion board, they may not be able to maximize the full potential that virtual classrooms or universities can offer.Although they would still be able to communicate and interact through other means, they would not have the comfort of having their messages and posts arranged chronologically and stored in a safe place over a period of time. Not participating in a discussion board would also mean that the students and teachers would have to wait for the class to virtually gratify again to discuss their concerns further. However, this would take up the actual class time and some instructors would choose to teach than discuss concerns, which means that students may not be able to talk about other things and interact with each other.Active participation and support for discussion boards, therefore, are needed for virtual classrooms to be effective. They can be encouraged through incentives like a rewar d for having the best post or comment in the discussion. Instructors should also think of interesting topics to discuss so that the students do not get tire and opt to stay out of the interaction. Also, instructors should require their students to regularly post content and comment on other peoples work. Indeed, technology has proven to be one of best innovation that man has ever seen.This is especially appreciated in the field of education because it has allowed people to receive education even at the comfort of their homes. It has allowed people from different countries of different backgrounds to share information and knowledge with each other. Classes are not limited to their schedules because students can still discuss their concerns over the Internet even after class hours. dissimilar tools are provided to students to maximize their learning process. Discussion boards should be supported and used because it is one of the best Internet-based educational tools that they can us e in virtual classrooms.References French, D. , French, H. , Hale, C. , Johnson, C. , & Farr, G. (1999). Internet Based Learning. Virginia Stylus Publishing, LLC. Shimojo, S. , Ischii, S. , Ling, T. W. , & Song, K. (2005). Web and Communication Technologies and Internet-Related mixer Issues. New York Birkhauser. Tiffin, J. & Rajasingham, L. (2003). The Global Virtual University. New York RoutledgeFalmer. Virginia Tech. (n. d. ). Discussion Boards. Retrieved February 17, 2009, from http//www. edtech. vt. edu/edtech/id/ocs/discuss. html

Explain why Germany and her allies were defeated in WWI and assess their treatment in the 1918/1919 settlement

There were m whatever factors that played a part in Germanys defeat in knowledge base War oneness, and none of them ignore be singularly attributed to its loss. Despite this, some factors did play a more important part than others. Some of the major factors were Americas entry into the war, low team spirit in Germany, and Germanys Ludendorrf Offensive.The American entry into the war was a major factor contributing to Germanys defeat. When the Americans declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, they provided a huge injection of funds, soldiers and productive capacity to the Allies war effort. The millions of American soldiers that were sent everyplaceseas in 1917 and 1918 were fit, young, and most importantly, fresh with relatively high morale compared to the other Allied soldiers. military man War One was a war of attrition. The side that could wear down the enemy side number 1 would be victorious. The section of the American soldiers, funds and resources to the Allied side al lowed them to survive for longer than the Central Powers. Therefore, the entry of America into World War One was a major factor causing Germanys defeat.The Ludendorrf Offensive, which was launched on March 21, 1918, was a series of three offensives undertaken by the Germans to try to force an Allied surrender after the Russian withdrew from the war. With the Eastern front line free, the Germans concentrated all their resources on the Western front to try to break the stalemate at that place.At first the Ludendorrf Offensive was successful, but the German troops advanced so fast that their contribute lines could not keep open up. This allowed the Allied forces to surround and defeat the stranded German troops. The Ludendorrf Offensive was a gamble by Germany. It infallible an input of high levels of resources, and as it was not successful, these resources were ultimately wasted. As World War One was a war of attrition, the Ludendorrf Offensive accelerated, if not caused, German ys defeat.By 1917 and 1918, morale amongst the German people was very low. They had begun to lose religion in the war. An outbreak of Spanish Influenza in Europe had hit Germany, and had created unrest amongst the population. Shortages of consumer essentials spread astray throughout Germany. The Germany public began to resent the war, calling for peace at any cost. The production of munitions fell, and the weapons supply to the German soldiers fell to levels much lower than the Allies. The low morale amongst the civilians and soldiers worsened the German position. Therefore, low morale amongst the troops and civilians on the German side was a major factor leading to Germanys defeat in World War One.There is no obvious single factor for Germanys defeat in World War One, but among the main reasons were the Americans entry into the war, the Ludendorrf Offensive, and the low morale among soldiers and civilians at the home front.The Treaty of Versailles was the climax of the 1918/1919 peace settlement process that was obligate on Germany by the Allied powers in 1919. The pact imposed a number of harsh conditions on Germany. As a result of the treaty, Germany had to reduce its army to c 000 men, and give up its air force altogether. Germany had to give away thirteen percent of its land, and hand over control of its overseas colonies. Germany was forced to pay over 6, 600, 000, 000 in war repatriations. Also, and significantly, the Treaty of Versailles demanded Germany accept across-the-board responsibility for starting the First World War.To assess Germanys manipulation in the 1918/1919 settlement, it is useful to examine the motives understructure the key negotiators, Germanys aims, and Germanys guiltThe British public were very angry and were out for revenge. Hang the Kaiser and Make Germany even up were both very common calls in the time just after the war and the British charge Minister David Lloyd George could not afford politically to be easy on Ger many. This shows that Britains intentions when contributing to the Treaty of Versailles would read been to harshly punish GermanyThe then president of France, Georges Clemenceau, was figured to see that Germany was punished so harshly that it would never be able to start a war again, as he believed they had done. As was the case with the British, there was also widespread public anger towards Germany.The American President, Woodrow Wilson, was the third major participant in the treaty negotiations. He too wanted to punish Germany, but also had an interest in a lasting Europe, which would depend on a stable Germany.Given the attitudes of the Allies who met in Paris for the peace negotiations, Germanys treatment in the Treaty of Versailles would definitely have been harsh, as all three entered the negotiations with a view to punish Germany.When judged by its previous actions, it can be argues that Germany was not justified to expect a settlement any more favourable than what they received. They had already proven that in victory they could be as harsh as the Allies with the treaty they presented Russia upon their withdrawal from the war, the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. In this treaty, the Germans demanded that Russia hand over large areas of its territory and pay considerable repatriations.Given the harsh treatment the Germans imposed on Russia after its defeat, the treatment of Germany in the Treaty of Versailles can be justified. There is an line of reasoning that if Germany had won, they would have imposed penalties as harsh or harsher on the Allies. This supports the argument that the Treaty of Versailles was not too harsh on Germany.But perhaps the best way to determine whether or not the Treaty of Versailles was really harsh on Germany is to see the effect on Germany of the treaty, and the continuance of time it took for Germany to recover.